Free disk space in Linux or SCO UNIX operating system

In Linux and Unix operating system, it’s possible to use “last” command to display and show the last logged in (and out) users history, and “lastb” command to show and display all the bad login attempts. The users’ login history is been logged and saved in wtmp file while faild login attempts is been stored in btmp file, both files For Linux usually located in /var/log directory. (For SCO Unix files normally is located in /var/adm)

To check your disk space, pls use the following command:
df -v

The logging of information into wtmp and btmp is continuous, and can potentially make the wtmp and btmp files grow very to a very big size. The situation is especially true to btmp, which logs failed or bad login attemps to the system, if the administrator does not disable FTP or SSH password authentication, and the server is been attacked via brute-force breaking in attempts, where any wrong user name or incorrect password been logged to btmp.

In addition, administrator may also want to clear and erase the history of login history once in a while. Or, system that running low or almost running out of disk space on /var may want to purge and delete the wtmp and btmp to reclaim and save some disk space.

In any case, the proper way to clear and reset wtmp and btmp files is by piping a blank input to the file, overwriting and replace all existing content. The command that can be used has the syntax like below:

cat /dev/null > /var/log/wtmp

or, on some system, simply like below:

> /var/log/wtmp

Note: Change the path and file name (i.e. btmp) accordingly.
Above commands will remove, clear and empty the content of the btmp or wtmp files, allowing new information to be started logging afresh again. The file is not been deleted or erased, and is leaved intact, as the btmp and wtmp files will not be recreated when not found. The system only logs information into these files if they are present.

Tip: For people who has already deleted the wtmp and btmp files, just re-create the file by touch command, and assign a proper permissions to the file (-rw-rw-r– root utmp or -rw—— root utmp btmp), or else “Excess permission or bad ownership on file /var/log/btmp or /var/log/wtmp” may occur.

Note that there may be files named as wtmp.1, wtmp.2 wtmp.3, wtmp.4, btmp.1, btmp.2, btmp.3, btmp.4, which are the backup archives, and can be safely removed or deleted.

*** Cron , boot.log, messages files in the /var/log directory also can be deleted.

How to Turn Off Windows Vista/XP Activation

Are you tired of 30-day trials? There are ways to bypass or ignore these messages, depending on the version of Windows you are using, which can help for those times when you can't find your old product key or are installing Windows on a computer that Microsoft won't let you register.

Windows Vista

1 Open the Registry Editor. You will be enabling the SkipRearm function, which when combined with another command will allow you to continually extend your trial period, effectively disabling registration.
Press the Windows key + R to open the "Run" dialog box.
Enter regedit and press Enter. This will open the Registry Editor.

2 Navigate to the correct folder. In the left frame, you can navigate to the different folders in the registry. Navigate to HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE → SOFTWARE → Microsoft → Windows NT → CurrentVersion → SL

3 Double-click the "SkipRearm" entry. This will open a box allowing you to change the value. At default, it will read 00000000. Change the value to00000001 and press OK.
Close the Registry Editor after editing the entry.

4 Open the Command Prompt. You will need to do this as an administrator. To do this, click the Start button and enter cmd into the field. Press Ctrl + Shift + Enter to open it as an administrator.

5 Enter the command to restart the Software Licensing Manager. Entering in this command will reset the timer on your trial, and because you enabled SkipRearm in the previous step, you can perform this action indefinitely. Type the following and press Enter: slmgr -rearm. Close the Command Prompt by typingexit and pressing Enter.

6 Repeat the process every 30 days. You can repeat these steps every 30 days in order to reset your trial timer. You may or may not need to change the registry each time, it varies from system to system


Windows XP

1 Open the Registry Editor. You will need to make a tweak in your registry in order to make the activation messages disappear. Note that this method will only hide the notices, it will not bypass the activation. Windows will still need to be activated after 30 days. in order to truly crack Windows XP, you will need to download a cracking program or pirated key, which will not be discussed here.
Press the Windows key + R to open the "Run" dialog box.
Enter regedit and press Enter. This will open the Registry Editor.

2 Navigate to the correct folder. In the left frame, you can navigate to the different folders in the registry. Navigate to HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE → SOFTWARE → Microsoft → Windows NT → CurrentVersion (or "Current Version") → WPAEvents.

3 Double click the OOBETimer entry. This will open a new dialog box where you can change the value.

4 Enter in the new value. Delete what's in the box and enter the following line. Click OK when you're done:
FF D5 71 D6 8B 6A 8D 6F D5 33 93 FD

5 Right-click on WPAEvents. Select Permissions from the menu.

6 Click the "SYSTEM" group. In the "Permissions for SYSTEM" frame, check the "Deny" box for the "Full Control" entry. Click OK when you're done.

Click "Yes" when asked to confirm your action. Exit the Registry Editor.

How to configure security policy “LAN Manager Authentication Level” in Windows 8

Unfortunately not all versions of Windows appear to ship the policies editor. Windows 8 doesn't for example but Windows 8 Pro does, so depending on your version you would be able to use it or not.

To see if you can access it press Win+Q to search for it or Win+R to open the "Run" dialog. Either way type gpedit.msc and if it appears in the first case or you're able to run it do so.

Then navigate to Local Computer Policy -Windows Settings - Security Settings -Local Policies - Security Options. There locate Network security: LAN Manager authentication level and set that policy to what your admin told you.

If you're not able to access the policies editor you can accomplish the same by editing the registry yourself. Concretely the key you have to edit for that policy is:

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Lsa

There, add (or edit) a DWORD value named LmCompatibilityLevel and set it to the value you require according to the following table (which in your case is 2) :

0 - Send LM & NTLM responses
1 - Send LM & NTLM responses, use NTLMv2 session security if negotiated
2 - Send NTLM response only
3 - Send NTLMv2 response only
4 - Send NTLMv2 response only, refuse LM
5 - Send NTLMv2 response only, refuse LM & NTLM

*** INFO FROM INTERNET ***

How to manually activate Windows 8

To activate manually, use the command promp.

1. Click "Desktop" from the Start Screen

2. Move the cursor to the hot corner [side panel should appear]

3. Click on the "Search" icon [magnifying glass]

4. Type "command"

5. Click on the "Command" [an icon on the left side of the screen should appear]

Note: If you receive and elevated priviledge message, right click "Command" and select "Run as Administrator"

6. At command prompt, type in "slmgr.vbs -ipk " then cont with your license key

slmgr.vbs -ipk 00000-00000-00000-00000-00000

7. Activate windows after changing the key, run "slmgr.vbs -ato"

Resolve your harddisk Boot/Format problem due to MBR error

The MBR could easily be seen as one of the most important sectors on the disk. If anything happens to the contents of this sector, the data on your disk could be unreachable. Or the computer might simply not start anymore.


This MBR tool allows you to manipulate a drive's master boot record (MBR) via the command line. For example, MBR is capable of deleting all the partitions in a MBR, zeroing out a MBR, installing a standard MBR, and more. MBR runs under DOS/Linux/Windows.


After download ..PLS read README.TXT in the program folder for more information.
Download Here

Lock a Folder With Password Using Free Folder Protector

Folder Protector

Folder Protector offers each user a protected folder that can only be opened by entering the password in FolderProtector. Unlike most security programs, Folder Protector is small in size (nearly 58KB) and does not show the folder that it is protecting. This gives an additional advantage that people who don't know the password do not have a target to try and hack their way into. As the software is portable, you can hide it or even delete it after protecting your folder and no one will have a clue that it was used. Then whenever you need to access protected files.

How to use Folder Protector?

When you run Folder Protector for the first time, the program will ask you for a password that you want to use. Enter a password that you can remember as this will be the password to your protected folder.






After entering the password, the program will open a folder named SecuredFILES. This is your protected folder. You can add all your private files in this folder. This folder is located at the Desktop. After adding all your files, you may close this folder.



Then, you can use the menu in the program to lock your folder. To lock the folder, type lock as your action. After successfully locking the folder, FolderProtector will display that the folder is locked.


Unlocking the protected folder is easy. Just type unlock as your action. Then the program will ask you to enter your password. Upon successfully entering the password, the program will display the contents of your protected folder.

Changing the Password: Just type change as your action. The program will ask you for your current password. Upon successful entry of the current password, the program will ask for your new password and change it instantly.

Acknowledgment: This software has been made possible only through the suggestions of readers of this blog, especially Ernell Albert Galido for his idea of using a menu based interface.

Windows Compatibility: This program has been successfully tested on Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista and Windows XP.

Download Site Win8/Win7/Vista : Here

Download Site WInxp : Here

*** INFO FROM INTERNET ***

Convert FAT32 to NTFS Without Formatting or Losing Data

FAT 32 to NTFS Conversion Steps

1) Go to Computer, and note the name of the drive whose file system you wish to convert.

2) Click on Start.

3) Type cmd in the search bar if you use Windows 7, Windows 8 or Windows Vista. If you use Windows XP, click on Run and then execute cmd.

4) Execute "chkdsk h: /f " (without quotes) where H is the letter of the drive to undergo conversion. This checks the drive for errors and fixes them automatically.

5) Execute "Convert H: /FS:NTFS" (without quotes). H is again the letter of the drive to be converted.

6) The command prompt will start the conversion process and after a few minutes, CMD will say that conversion was successful.

7) You can check it in the properties of the drive through right click




This works on Windows 7, Windows XP, Windows 8 and Windows Vista. I converted my flash drive's file system using these steps and it worked flawlessly. It is interesting to note that this method cannot be used to reconvert NTFS file system back to FAT32. To reconvert back to FAT32, you will need to format the entire drive which will definitely cause data loss.


*** INFO FROM INTERNET ***